背景
随着Web项目的复杂程度逐渐增加,可能会涉及诸如高并发、海量数据查询的的业务场景也逐渐增多;若频繁的操作数据库,会触发数据库的I/O瓶颈,因此需要加入缓存,尽量减少直接操作数据库的频率和次数;同时在分布式系统中,分布式锁等应用场景也需要依赖redis等缓存数据库;redis作为nosql数据库的代表,拥有广泛的应用场景;
这里介绍下Spring集成redis,实现缓存:
准备工作:
1.引入依赖;
<!-- jedis 客户端 --> <dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </dependency> <!-- spring data redis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-redis</artifactId> <version>1.7.11.RELEASE</version> </dependency>
2.定义 redis.proerties
文件,配置连接池相关参数;
# redis configuration # 连接池配置 redis.maxTotal=30 redis.maxIdle=10 redis.softMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis=10000 redis.blockWhenExhausted=true redis.maxWaitMillis=1500 redis.testOnBorrow=false redis.testWhileIdle=true redis.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=30000 redis.numTestsPerEvictionRun=1024 redis.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=180000 # 单机配置 redis.host=169.254.244.131 redis.port=6379 # 自己选择是否开启密码 redis.password=123456 # 集群配置 redis.host1=169.254.244.131 redis.port1=7001 redis.host2=169.254.244.131 redis.port2=7002 redis.host3=169.254.244.131 redis.port3=7003 redis.host4=169.254.244.131 redis.port4=7004 redis.host5=169.254.244.131 redis.port5=7005 redis.host6=169.254.244.131 redis.port6=7006
3.连接池配置引入spring上下文中;
<!--加载属性文件--> <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath:redis.properties</value> </list> </property> <!-- 在多个spring配置文件中都配置了属性文件加载 必须设置为true --> <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true"/> </bean>
单机版
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 连接池配置 --> <bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig"> <!-- 最大连接数 --> <property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.maxTotal}" /> <!-- 最大空闲连接数 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" /> <!-- 连接空闲多久后释放, 当空闲时间>该值且空闲连接>最大空闲连接数时直接释放 --> <property name="softMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${redis.softMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" /> <!-- 连接用尽后,调用者是否需要等待 设置为true时,maxWaitMillis才会起作用 --> <property name="blockWhenExhausted" value="${redis.blockWhenExhausted}" /> <!-- 连接用尽后,调用者的最大等待时间,-1表示永不超时 --> <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWaitMillis}" /> <!-- 向连接池获取连接时是否进行有效性检测,无效连接会被移除,业务量大时建议关闭 --> <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" /> <!-- 开启空闲资源监测,建议开启 --> <property name="testWhileIdle" value="${redis.testWhileIdle}" /> <!-- 空闲资源检测周期 --> <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${redis.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" /> <!-- 空闲资源检测时,每次的采样数量 设置为-1表示对所有连接做空闲检测 --> <property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="${redis.numTestsPerEvictionRun}" /> <!-- 连接池中资源最小空闲时间,达到值后空闲连接将被移除 --> <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${redis.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" /> </bean> <!-- 连接工厂 --> <bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory"> <property name="poolConfig" ref="jedisPoolConfig" /> <property name="hostName" value="${redis.host}" /> <property name="port" value="${redis.port}" /> <property name="password" value="${redis.password}" /> </bean> <!-- redis缓存 jackon序列化 --> <bean id="redisJacksonTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate"> <property name="connectionFactory" ref="jedisConnectionFactory" /> <!--如果不配置Serializer,那么存储的时候缺省使用String,如果用User类型存储,那么会提示错误User can't cast to String!! --> <property name="keySerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" /> </property> <property name="valueSerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" /> </property> <property name="hashKeySerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" /> </property> <property name="hashValueSerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" /> </property> <!-- 事务支持 默认关闭,若开启事务,会出现错误,需要手动解决 --> <property name="enableTransactionSupport" value="false" /> </bean> </beans>
通过将 RedisTemplate
注入到 spring bean 中即可操作 redis;
集群版
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 连接池配置 --> <bean id="jedisPoolConfig" class="redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig"> <!-- 最大连接数 --> <property name="maxTotal" value="${redis.maxTotal}" /> <!-- 最大空闲连接数 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="${redis.maxIdle}" /> <!-- 连接空闲多久后释放, 当空闲时间>该值且空闲连接>最大空闲连接数时直接释放 --> <property name="softMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${redis.softMinEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" /> <!-- 连接用尽后,调用者是否需要等待 设置为true时,maxWaitMillis才会起作用 --> <property name="blockWhenExhausted" value="${redis.blockWhenExhausted}" /> <!-- 连接用尽后,调用者的最大等待时间,-1表示永不超时 --> <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="${redis.maxWaitMillis}" /> <!-- 向连接池获取连接时是否进行有效性检测,无效连接会被移除,业务量大时建议关闭 --> <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${redis.testOnBorrow}" /> <!-- 开启空闲资源监测,建议开启 --> <property name="testWhileIdle" value="${redis.testWhileIdle}" /> <!-- 空闲资源检测周期 --> <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${redis.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" /> <!-- 空闲资源检测时,每次的采样数量 设置为-1表示对所有连接做空闲检测 --> <property name="numTestsPerEvictionRun" value="${redis.numTestsPerEvictionRun}" /> <!-- 连接池中资源最小空闲时间,达到值后空闲连接将被移除 --> <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${redis.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" /> </bean> <!-- 集群配置 --> <bean id="redisClusterConfig" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterConfiguration"> <property name="maxRedirects" value="3" /> <!-- 节点配置 --> <property name="clusterNodes"> <set> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterNode"> <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.host1}" /> <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.port1}" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterNode"> <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.host2}" /> <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.port2}" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterNode"> <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.host3}" /> <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.port3}" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterNode"> <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.host4}" /> <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.port4}" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterNode"> <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.host5}" /> <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.port5}" /> </bean> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisClusterNode"> <constructor-arg name="host" value="${redis.host6}" /> <constructor-arg name="port" value="${redis.port6}" /> </bean> </set> </property> </bean> <!-- 连接工厂 --> <bean id="jedisConnectionFactory" class="org.springframework.data.redis.connection.jedis.JedisConnectionFactory"> <!-- 集群配置 --> <constructor-arg index="0" ref="redisClusterConfig" /> <!-- 连接池配置 --> <constructor-arg index="1" ref="jedisPoolConfig" /> </bean> <!-- redis缓存 jackon序列化 --> <bean id="redisJacksonTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate"> <property name="connectionFactory" ref="jedisConnectionFactory" /> <!--如果不配置Serializer,那么存储的时候缺省使用String,如果用User类型存储,那么会提示错误User can't cast to String!! --> <property name="keySerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" /> </property> <property name="valueSerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" /> </property> <property name="hashKeySerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer" /> </property> <property name="hashValueSerializer"> <bean class="org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer" /> </property> <!-- 事务支持 默认关闭,若开启事务,会出现错误,需要手动解决 --> <property name="enableTransactionSupport" value="false" /> </bean> </beans>
通过将 RedisTemplate
注入到 spring bean 中即可对 redis集群进行操作;